Russia SC

Russian Federation Position Paper

We, the representatives of the Russian Federation, extend a warm welcome to the esteemed members of the United Nations Security council. It is an honor to serve on this council in hopes of creating a more secure environment for the future of the world. The four topic areas for discussion, Illegal pan-American arms trafficking, Nuclear weapon nonproliferation, energy regulation, and uranium mining, Definition of terrorism and addressing appropriate international responses, and Private military contractors, are extremely important to the overall health and function of global security. The Russian Federation offers the following general positions to open negotiations.

The Russian Federation considers any international firm offering services that involve the potential to exercise force in a systematic way and by military or paramilitary means, as well as the enhancement, transfer, facilitation, deterrence, or defusing of this potential, or the knowledge required to implement it, for profit as a Private Military Contractor. We find the current regulations regarding Private Military Contractors to be far too strict, and believe that no nation should be forced to divulge with which Private Military Contractors they deal.

As far as Pan American Arms trafficking goes, the Russian Federation realizes that in all reality this is not our problem to deal with. Exemplified by the over 300,000 unregistered firearms seized in the year 2000, and the recent high profile arrest of Viktor Bout though, it is clear that we have a great problem with the flow of weapons out of our nation. Any resolution which will help the American nations stop the flow of weapons not only across their borders but also into their continents will be looked favorably upon by us.

About Nuclear Nonproliferation, the Russian Federation is proud to, along with the United States lead the way on the road to a significantly lower number of nuclear weapons. Pursuant to the 1968 Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty, we agree to to share the benefits of peaceful nuclear technology and pursue nuclear disarmament aimed at the ultimate elimination of our nuclear arsenals. As a member of the IAEA Board of Governors, the Russian Federation has been a leading member in the mission to create International Fuel Banks to allow nations who do not have, or not allowed to have, access to centrifuges to enrich Uranium an opportunity to use it for peaceful civilian purposes. We also believe that key to expanding safe and clean Nuclear Power around the world is secure uranium mining.

On the topic of terrorism, the Russian Federation yearns to create a universal definition. We believe that terrorism is the unprovoked action against non-combative peoples performed by non-national groups. We look forward to a resolution presenting strong plans to not only help to victims of terrorist attacks, but also to combat the groups who perpetrate them.

We look forward to a productive session of the United Nations Security Council, and hope to address the important issues laid out before us in a reasonable manner which will benefit all nations involved.

Yemen 2011 NMMUN position statement

Having no direct affiliation with the European Union, Yemen does not believe that organizations such as the Arab League of nations should provide funding to maintain the stability of the EU. We do, however, feel that the EU is an important central entity to the prosperity of Europe. Yemen suggests that other western organizations and the UN should provide aid to the EU.

Yemen, as a long-term member of the Arab League as Nations, supports any nation entering a revolution. The main goal of the Arab League is national sovereignty and maintaining the human rights of all the Arab people. We acknowledge that Arab nations in a post-revolutionary state will not want Western control in their land. We believe that we should allow the Arab League of Nations to provide humanitarian support to the people of these nations. We feel that this could be the most productive method of providing aid to these people

Yemen feels that the definition of terrorism thus far is sufficient, but feels security from terrorism should be achieved through the rule of law. Yemen knows all too well that failed terrorism prevention efforts are based on a legal framework that is not yet in full compliance with the international standards set forth in the universal legal instruments against terrorism. Yemen also feels that the first step to eradicating terrorism lies in eradicating poverty. In the meantime however, Yemen desires increased cooperation from intelligence services to close information gaps and more readily respond to terrorist activities. Finally, Yemen believes strongly in international support through economic or otherwise non-intrusive aid, but feels that international military responses to terrorism impinge on national sovereignty and should be curtailed.

In regards to private military contractors Yemen believes that nations should have the right by whatever means necessary to protect their citizens. However on the matter of evicting Al-Qaeda from Yemeni territory we do not believe that it the responsibility of US Central Command to take care of this for the Yemeni people. Yemen believes that PMC’s should be allowed to be hired by any nation wanting them.

Bangladesh, General Assembly, Position Paper

Honorable Chair, fellow delegates, and distinguished guests,

The People’s Republic of Bangladesh is honored to attend the 2011 Model United Nations General Assembly session.

Bangladesh recognizes our economy as developing towards a free market in order to reduce our dependency on foreign aid. Last year we received 2 billion dollars in foreign aid, a $236 million increase from the previous year. Receiving interest loans from the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the World Bank help boost and stabilize our economy and raise our GDP by 6% in the next few years.

Bangladesh’s last revolution occurred over twenty years ago as a result of religious oppression from former leader Hussain Ershad. Our goal since has been to continue to stabilize our nation in education, economy, and religious freedoms. As a nation we hope to continue to make strides toward Millennium Development Goals while maintaining peace and religious freedom within our country.

Although Private military contractors are often seen as mercenaries, under the right conditions, they can be very effective at what they do. The biggest problem we currently see with PMCs is that they answer to no lawful power. Because they are private, they do not have the same strict rules and regulations that public armies abide by. Engaging in legitimate conflicts would be incredibly difficult without these contractors, therefore they should be allowed to remain with rules and limitations attached.

In regards to terrorism, Bangladesh views terrorism as a direct threat to our security and prosperity, and are taking actions to eliminate terrorist and extremist groups throughout our nation. After the 2005 serial bombings in Bangladesh, we sentenced seven JMB leaders to death for their involvement. We would also like the international community to recognize that racism against the people of our country in respect to terrorism is deplorable. It should be noted that Muslims are not terrorists, and terrorism exists on a worldwide scale. The People’s Republic of Bangladesh will not tolerate indiscriminant action against terrorists within our borders and by the international community.  

We would like to take this time to thank our fellow delegates for participating in what we hope to be a successful session.

Thank You.

Republic of Cote d'lvoire GA Policy Statement

Madame Chair and Fellow Delegates,

The Republic of Cote d’lvoire (Ivory Coast) is honored to participate in the 2011 Model United Nations Security Council. Ivory Coast looks forward to a peaceful and productive session filled with debate as well as constructive ideas and resolutions.

On the issue of terrorism and international responses Ivory Coast believes it is necessary to consider the many forms of terrorism that are threatening the different regions of the world. Ivory Coast considers the origin of the perpetrator whether it is internal or external. In such situations of terrorism Ivory Coast believes we should hold responsible the organization, not the country.

Ivory Coast strongly believes that The United Nations should stand by the people by immediately starting to work with the government to support in getting the country on the right track toward reconciliation, democracy, economic recovery and sustainable development. Having experienced economical struggles in the past Ivory Coast shifted public investment from infrastructure to crop diversification and agricultural processing to improve export earnings. Therefore, Ivory Coast recommends that the European Union cuts unnecessary government spending and emphasize key cash crops and production.

Ivory Coast believes that it’s essential for guidelines to be made to stabilize post-revolutionary nations. Having faced an armed rebellion in 2002, that split the country between north and south causing episodes of political unrest and violence, Ivory Coast would like to address the idea of fostering national unity. Leading to decrease instability, violence, and human rights abuses.

The republic of Cote d’lvoire is delighted to be here tonight, and looks forward to a productive session.

India Policy Statement: Secutity Council

Good evening honorable chair and fellow delegates.India looks forward to working with the fellow delegates to discover solutions to the following issues. There are many topics that are affecting India that need to be resolved. Resolving these issues can help further progress India in its development and assist in stabilizing the world as a whole. India will invite negotiations to get a concrete solution to combat the major issues affecting the world today.

Nuclear war proliferation and uranium mining is of high importance in debate for India. As a developing country, India stresses the importance of the continued support India receives into our research and development. India has abided by the rules and regulations set by nonproliferators and recently increased imports from Australia on the terms of usage of nuclear research for peaceful negotiations. India would hope that our storage is not reducing in any terms but India provided an answer to the problem. India will be willing to stop production and not increase our storage; on the terms that we do not lower our nuclear stock. India’s developing research in nuclear fuel and weapons has had an adverse effect on our citizens. India has noticed mental and physical disorders that are occurring amongst our people. India supports a regulation upon water pollution. India believes these damages to public health were caused by unauthorized dumping, not an overall air emission from nuclear weapons.

India is pushing for a definition of terrorism and a global response effort to continue the progress in stabilizing southern Asia. In 2008, India was attacked in the city of Mumbai. We have significant evidence linking a few attackers to Pakistan. In the recent decade Pakistan and India have been resolving issues to neutralize the conflicts that keep these countries separated. The attacks in Mumbai have weakened the alliance and slowed progress. The interferences of foreign countries becoming involved in the issue also amplified the tension with Pakistan and India. Had an official definition of terrorism been in place, progress may have been more quickly restored. If there is a global response these tension could have been avoid. In addition, resolving our issues, in a fight against terrorism, can help in ending the war in Afghanistan. In 2011, India was again attack in New Delhi. This event had our citizens questioning our national security. India is pushing for a definition of terrorism and a global response to help resolve the issues surrounding India.

India is concerned with the usage of private military firms and the usefulness of these firms. India and Pakistan are in an effort to drive out foreign forces that are furthering the dispute over Kashmir. Many of these firms are adding tensions to the peaceful progress of India and Pakistan. Each country worries that the other country will attack using militant camps that are scattered among the countries. India urges the Security Council to define what a private military firm is and the usefulness for countries.

India strives to have a very productive fun conference this year. This global issue can only be solved by working together diplomatically. India is willing to work with other countries because it is not just about solving national issues but making the world a better place for everyone.

Singapore - General Assembly-Position Paper

Mr. Chairman, Delegates, and Guests

The Republic of Singapore is excited to a part of the 2011 session of the New Mexico Model United Nations General Assembly and working with such a talented group of individuals.

Singapore is known the world over for its pro-Western attitude and for the abundance of western individuals on its soil. This makes Singapore a blatant target for terrorist, especially Islamic Radicals in the Philippines, Malaysia, and Indonesia. Thus, Singapore finds it especially pressing that the UN can come to a consensus on how to respond to such attacks, should one occur on Singaporean soil.

Singapore’s major trading partners are the key proponents of the European Union, consequently, these times of economic crisis have impacted Singapore, as the EU faces major economic distress. The trading partners of the EU, including Singapore, find it especially critical that the market remain open with a single set of rules during course of recovery and stabilization. This will allow for business and revenue to remain in place and keep the economic strategies the same.

Following the Libyan revolution, Singapore made a statement as part of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations to show its support of the National Transitional Council and the efforts the NTC is making in the transition to democracy in that country. Singapore believes the people of post-revolutionary countries must make their own decisions with regards to their future and ask for assistance in civilian protection and peaceful political procession.

As Singapore has been successful with a very large public military firm, they do not see the need for countries to continue with private firms. However, countries do have the right to choose their military status based on the type of market they have and, as always, the UN must keep a nations sovereignty in mind at all times.

Thank you for your time and we look forward to working with everyone toward viable solutions to these four topics.

The Federation of Russia (GA)

The Federation of Russia is pleased to be here among all you fellow delegates and the honored chairman. As a globally strong nation, we look forward to resolving the following topics.

The recent collapse of the Euro is of strong importance to us. Since we are so close to the European Union, we identify closely with this struggle. We wish for economic stability for all of Western Europe and also for our own country. Our own economy is currently in a less than ideal state, and the revival of the Euro would also be beneficial to our country as well. For these reasons, we find it necessary that all of us work to fix this problematic situation. The problem of the Euro has escalated to affect all nations and needs to be remedied. This issue is important to each of us and we should all work to create a peaceful agreement to help bail out the European Union.

As a co-sponsor of the Middle East peace process, post-revolutionary nation stabilization, especially in the Middle East, is of the upmost importance to the Russian Federation. The Russian Federation fully supports sending in peace keeping troops and United Nation advisors to unstable regions in the aftermath of revolutions. Moreover, Russia is willing to take on a greater role in this stabilization due to its strategic location and abundant resources.

The Russian Federation regards Private Military Contractors as legally established international firms offering services that involve the potential to exercise force in a systematic way and by military or paramilitary means, as well as the enhancement, the transfer, the facilitation, the deterrence, or the defusing of this potential, or the knowledge required to implement it, to clients. Russia suggests that Private Military Contractors become even less transparent than they are in the Status Quo. Nations should not be made to disclose any information about their partnerships with and usage of Private Military Firms.

Concerning the issue of terrorism, the federation of Russia feels strongly about creating a universal definition. We believe that terrorism is the unprovoked action against non-combative peoples performed by subnational groups. We would like to aid in the creation of supportive international groups and strong government communication to help combat these horrible attacks. Through government and economic support, countries can better deal with terrorism. Hence, we would support the foundation of an international relief community to help countries that suffer from terrorist attacks. Here we can achieve a supportive group to respond to the important issue of terrorism.

The Russian Federation is looking forward to conducting business with the United Nations as one of its key members. Russia is positive that it has much to offer in an effort to stabilize and advance the world. In the proverbial words of our fathers before us ‘Бережёного Бог бережёт’.

Azerbaijan, General Assembly, Position Paper

     Madame / Mr. Chair, fellow delegates, and distinguished guests, 

     On behalf of the Republic of Azerbaijan, we thank you for the honor of being present, and look forward to this conference. The Republic of Azerbaijan, as a member nation of the United Nations, is committed to engaging in social and political reform nationally and internationally, especially on the following topics of terrorism, private military contracts, labor laws, and the Euro.

Terrorism

     Terrorism today is one of the greatest problems facing countries around the world, whether they be first or third, or developing countries. The number of terrorist incidents in 2010 alone was around 82,000, resulting in 115,000 fatalities. ("WITS NextGen.") In fact terrorism has been such an issue recently that it has been deemed that, once again, the UN must try to reduce the amount of terrorist incidents in the world.

There have been many general assemblies on combating terrorism, however, the major two that created resolutions were the “Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of Crimes against Internationally Protected Persons” in 1973 and the “International convention against the taking of hostages” in 1979. ("General Assembly Actions to Counter Terrorism”) In the former, the United Nations adopted a resolution to make it impossible for a person of any origin to be persecuted or extradited, and to ensure that even if he was working for another government he would still be persecuted. The resolution “International convention against the taking of hostages” made the taking of hostages punishable by international law.  There have also been other resolutions such as the “International Convention for the Suppression of Terrorist Bombings”, the “1999 International Convention for the Suppression of the Financing of Terrorism” and the “International Convention for the Suppression of Acts of Nuclear Terrorism” all of these created strong counter terrorism tools for countries to use. Finally at the 2005 summit the UN’s officially condemned terrorism in its entirety. However, these measures have not stopped, or even reduced terrorism, but rather have given countries and the UN necessary tools.

            The UN and the world as a whole must decide quickly the best way to reduce terrorism worldwide and follow that course of action. The UN must also acknowledge organizations that are clearly terrorist related, and focus on either removing them or shrinking their influence.  This can be done several ways; in what way reducing terrorism is done in is not a matter to Azerbaijan. We are only concerned in that something is done to reduce terrorism, especially in the Middle East, southeast Europe, and southwest Asia.

Private Military Companies

            Private military companies (PMCs) have had explosive growth in the past few decades. However, now many governments are facing the problem of not only defining what a PMCs and mercenaries are, but also whether they should be regulated, if at all allowed. In fact 3^rd world countries, as well as communist ones are in favor of mercenary proliferation, while first world capitalist countries, generally, are against it. ("International Humanitarian Law”)

            There has only been one major resolution passed through the UN: the International Convention against the Recruitment, Use, Financing and Training of Mercenaries, which was made into international law on December 4^th, 1989. This resolution made it against international law to be “any person who recruits, uses, finances or trains mercenaries” (Article 2"International Humanitarian Law - UN Convention on Mercenaries 1989." ) However, the United States, the United Kingdom, France, and other countries do not follow the law of this convention, as they did not ratify it.

            In this new age, Private Military Companies certainly need to be reexamined. New information of how they work and act has become available, and this warrants new assemblies too decide the future of private military companies. Certainly, these are not benevolent businesses, and we at least must look into the regulation of these companies. Some of these companies have clearly not self-regulated to their purported levels, and a resolution can be passed that nearly every country could agree on.

Labor Laws

            Azerbaijan has a long history with labor laws, especially concerning forced labor and, by extension, human trafficking. Azerbaijan is a major point in the human trafficking network, with hundreds of people unwillingly transported across its borders on a regular basis. The International Labour Organization (ILO), a UN agency, was established in 1919 as a part of the Versailles Treaty following World War I. This department is working with UN member nations and governments to find solutions and compromises to labor law injustices faced in the world today. The ILO will continue to work with Azerbaijan and other UN nations to gain fair working conditions for people all over the world.

            Azerbaijan opposes unfair labor and is more than willing to help the United Nations in its quest for fair labor. Azerbaijan is currently on the UN’s tier two watch list for human trafficking, but is making amends, promising to further prosecution of perpetrators and stop human trafficking through and from Azerbaijan. In 2005, Azerbaijan passed the “Law of the Republic of Azerbaijan on Trafficking in Persons” to stop human trafficking by: “identifying and eliminating causes of trafficking in persons, and conditions leading to trafficking in persons; reducing the risk of individuals to become victims of trafficking in persons; restoring the rights and social rehabilitation of the victims of trafficking in persons.” (Aliyev, 2005)

The Euro

            Azerbaijan supports the stabilization of the euro and the European Union. As a nation with a rapidly developing economy, Azerbaijan believes that the ease of trade that will come through the stability of the EU is vital.

President, Ilham Aliyev, recently stated his prerogative to double the GDP per capita in Azerbaijan in the next 10 years. He intends to do this through the “Restoration of the Historic Silk Road”. An international conference on this matter was held in Baku, the nation’s capital, on September 8th 1998. The agreements made at this conference allow for international rail transport, international road transport, international commercial maritime navigation, and customs procedures and documents handling. Stabilizing the EU will make the restoration even more effective and successful. This stability will also strengthen INOGATE (interstate oil and gas transportation to Europe) which is one of Azerbaijan’s key economic stimulators.

For these reasons the nation of Azerbaijan is in firm agreement with efforts made by the UN to strengthen and stabilize the value of the euro.

Once again, on behalf of the Republic of Azerbaijan, we look forward to the proceedings ahead of us, and are confident in this conferences ability to resolve the issues that face the globe today.

India G.A. Policy Statement

We the Republic of India are pleased to attend this year’s historic Model United Nations General Assembly and anticipate an enjoyable and thought provoking conference. For this assembly, The Republic of India hopes to attend to the world’s state of atrocity with justice and cooperation to construct effective and beneficial legislation.

First, we would like to recognize the topic of economic growth and stabilization of the European Union as of higher importance to us. Seeing that India and the EU have been on an equal terms, we would enjoy the opportunity to stabilize our fellow nations and their large and powerful global economy. As we hope to as well be a rising power in this global trade and economy, we would thoroughly enjoy seeing our partners in what some would say stable waters.

We now address the topic of private military contractors next on our agenda. Since the 2008 Mumbai attacks, private militaries have risen to secure the safety of our people. As we do not want the people of India to worry of being overcrowded by these military firms, we wish to seek a definition that can both be firm and applicable to our rising PMCs. While these firms have increased the need for education and well being, we, the Republic of India, do not want to be seen as a corrupt military corporation state.

Next, we attend to the topic of defining terrorism and the international response to such. As India’s population grows, the increased risk of terrorism on a large scale is ever increasing. In response to our development, we suggest that the legislation toward terrorism not allow loopholes and to be applied to all UN nations, a current problem for the UN.

Lastly, the topic of stabilization and guidelines for post-revolutionary nations should be addressed. While we believe that such guidelines should be focused on, it is of smallest importance in relation to the other topics at hand. Concerning the newly post-revolutionary countries, strategies for rebuilding a government and stabilizing the state should be of utmost importance not only for them but also by all of us attending the conference.

With this said, we, the Republic of India, would like to address the above topics thoroughly but with swift organization in order to tend to these pressing issues and the people that they effect. We wish all the countries Shubh Kaamnaayein, or good luck.

Republic of Armenia GA Position Paper

The Republic of Armenia was formed on September, twenty first of 1991. Armenia identifies as a democratic state that controls its power through a constitution and laws based on a separation of legislative, judicial and executive branches. The current head of state is Serzh Sargsyan. Armenia is on moderate terms with most of its neigbors, excluding Turkey and Azerbaijan. Armenia currently has military occupation in the surrounding regions due to the Nagorno- Karabakh break-up. Since 1994, the border between Turkey and Armenia has been closed because of the fighting over this region. Many refugees from Azerbaijan have made life in Armenia, though about ninety-seven percent of the people living in Armenia are Armenian. Armenia has a population of about 2,967,975 and a population growth rate of 0.063 percent. The major religion is Armenian Apostolic, considering that Armenia was the first country to formally adopt Christianity as its religion.

Armenia’s main guidelines for nation stabilization are to focus on economic stabilization and to further accelerate structural reforms. The Armenian government hopes to achieve these reforms through the privatization of the energy sector and budgetary sphere. First, we want to further the GDP growth and reduce the consolidated deficit of the state budget against the GDP. They also plan to reduce the average monthly inflation and increase the real average wages. Our government is also working to improve the system of target social protection and increase exports. These economic reforms are determined by the support of the international community. Our government’s strategy pushes the gradual decreasing of humanitarian assistance and pursues a trade liberalization strategy. Another focus for stabilization is to combat poverty by providing a stimulus to the mechanisms that will lead to rapid economic growth. The economic growth is the main stabilization point for Armenia because the economy is so bad. We feel that this is an important issue but we do not have to resources to do much about it in our own country let alone on a world stage.

The Armenian economy is very poor. We were ranked number two by Forbes Magazine in 2011 for the worst economy. After successfully growing for a couple of years, Armenia fell into a recession and our GDP fell by fourteen percentage points. A combination of things has worsened the problem. We have an inflation rate at 7 percent; our GDP is three thousand less than the majority of our neighboring country of Turkey; in the past we have been successful in the diamond processing industry, dependent on Russia for the diamonds. Recently Russia has lessened the flow of diamonds hurting this industry in Armenia. Thought the EU’s economy is an important issue for its trade partners, a major one being The United States of America, the EU economy has little influence on the our economy. There is a bigger economic problem outside of the EU and it has a more pressing need to be addressed.

Private military firms are not very present in Armenia. We only recently established a Ministry of Defense in 1992. We have had a lot of unrest in our country and it has been very hard to control our military let alone establish connections with private military firms. Because of the issues we have with Turkey there has been a lot or fighting in and just outside Armenia. Private military firms maybe the answer to our problem. Our Military is still quite new, unskilled and unorganized. Private military firms could help end the fighting. We would not oppose private military help provided by the UN thought it is not economically feasible for us at the moment.

Of course we support the UN efforts to end terrorism in the World though we do not have the resources to aid them. Armenian terrorism groups were part of an ongoing resistance to foreign conquerors. Although the United Nations currently does not have a clear definition of terrorism; we understand the western view and will be referring to it during our discussions. We sympathize with traditional forms of “terrorism” because of the oppression we have suffered at the hands of other nations. Armenian Christianity has survived waves of repression and repeated massacre. We are currently in a time of relative peace and prosperity. Terrorism is considered an isolated attack on a curtain group or organization; usually an assassinations with the intent of spreading a message. Were the Armenian terrorists in the 1980’s really terrorists? By trying to limit foreign control they have improved the lives of many. Should terrorists, only be considered terrorists if they seeks personal gain for one specific group? The Armenian terrorists were trying to free an entire nation from the grasp of tyrants. The “terrorists” that refused to be conquered are nationalists, protecting their country not terrorists. A new type of terrorism has developed in the past thirty years that has led to national concern and confusion. Attacks on western ideas are at the heart of much of these conflicts, and we support the West in their resolve to eliminate terrorist organizations.